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Which Chapter of Bankruptcy To Choose When A Car Is Involved

Which Chapter of Bankruptcy To Choose When A Car Is InvolvedFiling for bankruptcy in New York often involves a car. Though many New York City residents use the subway or the bus to get back and forth, people with children or who work outside of the main transportation areas (for some reason, most of Queens falls into this category) frequently have a car.

And when it comes down to a decision about filing for bankruptcy, that car becomes an issue.

Luckily, there are some options when you’re trying to protect your automobile and get out of debt at the same time.

The first thing you want to think about is Chapter 7. If the value of your equity in the car falls within the Chapter 7 exemption guidelines then you’ll be able to keep the automobile, wipe out the unsecured debt and move on from there.

A word of caution, though. If you’ve got a car loan and file for Chapter 7 bankruptcy, you’re going to have an extra layer of complexity in the form of reaffirmation. Your lender may force you to sign a reaffirmation agreement in order to keep the car after discharge, and this creates a host of potential issues. Be sure to chat with your bankruptcy lawyer before making a decision.

If your equity is too great to protect in a Chapter 7, you may want to look at Chapter 13.  This is going to give you the opportunity to pay back a portion of your debts over a 3-5 year period.  And before you go telling me that you’re not looking to pay back the debts if you’re going to be filing for bankruptcy, consider this – Chapter 13 will let you keep the car as well as everything else you own.

So looking at it through that lens, repaying a portion of the debts off over time in exchange for keeping the vehicle isn’t that bad of an idea.

If you’re looking at filing for bankruptcy, there’s one solution that is absolutely wrong for you – and that’s selling or transferring the car.  When you transfer property of any kind, you’re going to need to report that to the bankruptcy trustee.  If the transfer was made within a certain period of time it will be suspicious and may land you in a heap of trouble.  You can go through that scenario with your lawyer, but trust me – you don’t want to.

Photo credit: U-g-g-B-o-y-(-Photograph-World-Sense-) (via Flickr).

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The Bankruptcy Solution to the Second Mortgage Problem

Understanding The Reason For The New York Foreclosure Problem

How The New York Times Sold Homeowners Down The River

This past weekend the New York Times did a story titled Owners Stop Paying Mortgages, And Stop Fretting.  As a bankruptcy lawyer heavily involved in the world of consumer debt and foreclosure issues, I was stunned and disgusted by the entire piece.

Anyone who’s been awake at all over the past few years knows that the real estate market is in tatters.  We’ve got millions of homeowners who bought homes, saw their values erode significantly, and are now screwed, money-wise.  But that doesn’t give them license to go to the Hard Rock Hotel and go boating.

I’m calling that just plain absurd.  And who wouldn’t?

When you think of someone in foreclosure the picture in your mind is someone who can’t pay the mortgage and is struggling like hell to get by.  You don’t picture someone wearing their skipper hat and an ascot, sailing blissfully along the coastline and admiring the view.

If you’re behind on the mortgage and can’t make payments anymore, you go to the lender and try to work out something.  Sure, modifications and forbearances are tough to come by – but you try like hell to make it work.

Failing that, you look to get the rest of your debt under control so you can concentrate on the house payments.  You try to sell it, maybe do a short sale if you can.  And if you want to keep the house and can swing it, you look into Chapter 13 bankruptcy to make the payments manageable.

What you don’t do is take it as a “get out of jail free” card, giving you the chance to spend your money on luxuries.  That may or may not be called bad faith in a court of law, but it’s just not the way your parents raised you.

The New York Times article, however, seems to gleefully recount how Alex Pemberton and Susan Reboyras, two Florida homeowners profiled in the piece, are living the Life of Riley in the face of their foreclosure mess.  It makes them, and all defaulting homeowners, look like dishonest people who pull one over on the banks.

If I loan you money and you can’t pay me back, that’s one thing.  But if I loan you money and you decide to go on a spending spree with the funds and flip me the bird, that’s just not cool.  I’d have a right to be angry – really, really angry, in fact.

The real shame of this piece is that it’s not reflective of what people do when they fall behind on the mortgage.  Most people fight like hell to catch up, to get out from under the debt, and to do what is by all accounts the honorable thing.  They want to hold up their end of the bargain, and fail only because most lenders don’t have the same objectives.

There’s a disconnect in the real world – consumers want to make it right, and lenders just don’t give a crap.  Because consumers are real people, and lenders are monolithic corporations with bureaucracies and levels between the font lines and the decision makers.

That’s the reality, but the New York Times went for the sensational.  Boo, hiss.

And in the end, someone is going to stand up at a Congressional hearing and hold up this article as proof that American homeowners are dishonest and are the ones who have wrecked the housing market in spite of the best efforts of the lenders.  We’ll see the same game play out that we watched in the run-up to the 2005 changes to the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, when creditors claimed that consumer debtors were dishonest and cheating scoundrels.

People who paid their credit card bills stood up and decried the lack of honesty, the sheer gall of others who dared to shrug their shoulders and walk away.  They were enraged because those who were paying (the thought went) we subsidizing those who were not.

Of course, that wasn’t true.  Still isn’t.  But the press sold the American consumer down the river.  And in this story, they did it again.

Bookmark this post, folks – this is not the last time you’re going to hear about this story.

Bankruptcy Retainer Agreements – Why You Need One

Hiring a bankruptcy lawyer is no small task.  You’re putting your trust and faith in a professional who is going to help you end your bill problems.  And as emotional a time as it may be, you also need to remember that this is a business arrangement.  Exchange money for services that are worth the money you spend.

To keep things simple, retainer agreements are absolutely, positively a must when you hire a bankruptcy attorney.  Retainer agreements have got to be in writing, signed by both of you, so that you eliminate all chances of confusion later on.  This is too big of a deal to do on a handshake, but more to the point you have to to know exactly who is going to do what during the course of your relationship.  That’s right, I called it a relationship.  Any time you are going to be working closely with someone for an extended period of time, that’s relationship.

Lots of clients come to me for help with filing a Chapter 7 or Chapter 13 after meeting with – and in some cases, hiring – another attorney.  A large number of these people paid money to their former lawyers for … well, something.  They’re not real clear on exactly what the lawyer was going to do, when they were going to do it, and how much money it was going to cost.  They’ve got a vague idea, but not much beyond that.

If your bankruptcy lawyer does not “do” written retainer agreements, you should run away.

If you require a law degree to understand your lawyer’s retainer agreement, you should run away.

These are deal-breakers for you.  No two ways about it.

Bankruptcy retainer agreements usually provide for at least the following:

  • How much it will cost to file for bankruptcy using the lawyer’s services;
  • What the legal fee covers, and what it doesn’t;
  • How much it will cost if the lawyer has to do something not covered by the legal fee;
  • When your case will be filed with the court;
  • Whether your lawyer will be using another attorney for your court appearances; and
  • What you have to do in order to get the case handled properly.

When making a decision to file bankruptcy with a lawyer, always read the retainer agreement when you sign it.  Doing so will save you a lot of headache later on.